Update to lift control spec.

The four-part CiA 417 application profile specification for lift control systems has been revised. CiA has released a new version, which introduces a power supply unit. Other units have been functionally extended, adding new parameters and specifying additional PDOs (process data objects). All four parts of the CANopen Lift specification have been editorially improved. This includes clarifications, improvements regarding understandability, and restructuring of subclauses.

CANopen Lift is a widely used application profile by the CiA (CAN in Automation) association with more than 700 members. It specifies control functions as well as CANopen interfaces for sensors (e.g., input panels) and actuators (e.g., car drives and door units) used in elevators, including freight lifts. The first version was released in 2003, and the version 2.0.0 was published in 2011 (can be downloaded free of charge from the CiA website). The currently updated draft specification proposals (DSPs version 2.4.0) are available only for CiA members.

“CANopen Lift is an application profile, which enables the development of interoperable products,” explained Holger Zeltwanger, CiA Managing Director. “This unburdens the system developer from complex programming and configuration tasks; some configuration is required for optional functions.” CANopen Lift devices are offered by more than 60 CiA member companies.

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@CANopen  #PAuto #Communications

CAN-FD-to-Ethernet-Gateway.

The launch of Ixxat CAN@net Basic, a streamlined CAN-FD-to-Ethernet-Gateway developed to meet the growing demand for simple, scalable, and cost-efficient connectivity in industrial and automotive environments has been announced by HMS Networks.

Key Technical Features

• One CAN CC/CAN FD channel
• CAN data rates of up to 8 Mbit/s
• One Ethernet channel (RJ45)
• ASCII interface mode
• UDP/IP over Ethernet
• USB interface type C, USB 2.0 high-speed (480 Mbit/s)
• Removable Push-in connectors
• Galvanic Isolation (CAN: 2.5 kV 1 minute; Ethernet: 1.5 kV 1 minute)
• Operating Temperature from -25 °C to +85 °C
• Ingress Protection IP20
• DIN rail housing (108 x 149 x 27 mm)

Modern applications increasingly require seamless communication between distributed CAN networks and Ethernet-based systems. However, engineers often face a trade-off between performance, latency, and system cost. Existing solutions tend to be either over-engineered with unnecessary features or too limited to handle real-world CAN FD requirements. CAN@net Basic addresses these challenges by focusing on what matters most: efficient data exchange, low latency, and affordability.

Solving Engineering Challenge I: Balancing Latency and Jitter.
In many CAN-to-Ethernet systems, transmitting Ethernet frames for every CAN message creates excessive interrupts, leading to high jitter and unstable system performance. Conversely, aggregating data reduces jitter but increases delay. The CAN@net Basic uses UDP/IP communication, significantly reducing protocol overhead and minimizing interrupt load. This enables a balanced approach with low latency and controlled jitter, making it suitable for time-sensitive applications.

Solving Engineering Challenge II: Scaling Distributed Systems.
In applications where many devices (e. g. test setups or distributed machines) must exchange CAN FD data, physical CAN bus limitations become a bottleneck - especially regarding bus length and node count. CAN@net Basic enables flexible network expansion via Ethernet, allowing engineers to connect distributed systems without being constrained by classical CAN topology limits.

Solving Engineering Challenge III: Reducing Cost Without Compromise.
Many users only require a subset of advanced gateway functionality but are forced to pay for full-featured solutions. CAN@net Basic is specifically designed as a cost-optimized alternative, delivering essential functionality at a market-aligned list price of 270 Euros while maintaining industrial-grade performance and quality.

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@hmsnetworks @HMSAnybus @mepaxIntPR #PAuto #Communications

Statement on European CRA.

The CiA (CAN in Automation) board of directors has released the following statement on the EU Cyber Resilience Act (CRA) and the impact on CAN networks: 

“The nonprofit CiA (CAN in Automation) international users’ and manufacturers’ group informs its members that products using CAN and placed on the EU markets fall under the European Cyber Resilience Act (EU CRA), unless the relevant cybersecurity aspects are covered by application-specific EU legislation. In most cases, the required risk assessment may be a self-assessment, unless the product is considered critical (as defined in the CRA Annex III).

It remains to be seen, which future standards best reflect the EU CRA requirements. For now, suppliers of CAN-connectable devices are requested by their customers to comply with a dedicated SL (security level) as defined in the IEC 62443 standard series (security for industrial automation and control systems).

CiA is confident that SL 2 can often be reached with minimal effort for CAN networks. Achieving SL 3, requires more advanced security measures involving cryptography at CAN data frame (data link layer entity) or CANopen message (application layer entity) level. CiA’s assessment is that CAN networks with restricted and limited physical access usually comply with SL 2 or lower, not needing additional cybersecurity measures. This assumes that gateway functions to other networks and external interfaces are protected by means of firewalls or are made not accessible (e.g., the JTAG interface, named after the Joint Test Action Group).

If restricted and limited physical access is difficult to enforce, cybersecurity measures do not necessarily require cryptography. In CiA’s view, a security monitoring entity that scans communication on abnormal behavior, detecting and reporting attack, is an efficient security measure as indicated in the CRA regulation and the IEC 62443 standard series. It reduces overall risks for undetected attacks, having a positive influence on the risk assessment and showing a defense in-depth approach.

If cryptography is necessary, its use can be limited to core functions. While a secure software update mechanism might be mandatory for CRA compliance, in many cases, further use of security functions can be reduced to secure CAN node authentication and device configuration protection (e.g., by means of passwords). Such core security functions are currently under discussion in the CiA SIG (special interest group) HLP (higher-layer protocol) cybersecurity and expected to be integrated into CANopen CC and CANopen FD specifications.”

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@CANopen #DigitalEU #Cybersecurity #Standards

Transceiver group.

The SIG (Special Interest Group) 48-V transceiver testing has been established by Can in Automation (CiA). The scope is the development of specifications related to CAN-based and LIN-based networks in 48-V supplied systems. This includes test plan specifications for 48-V physical media attachment (PMA) sublayer implementations.

The automotive industry is going to completely supply passenger cars with 48 V. The benefit: thinner power supply cables, reducing the wire harness weight. On the other hand, in-vehicle networks need to withstand higher voltage shorts. Loss of ground (GND) is also an issue. This means, PMA sublayer implementations such as PHYs, SBCs (system base chips), and stand-alone transceivers must not be destroyed by shorts.

The CiA specifications will extend the existing requirements given in ISO 11898-2 (CAN) and ISO 17987-4 (LIN). Additionally, CiA will specify related test cases for 48-V shorts and loss of GND. The SIG is chaired by Marko Moch, working with Cariad, a VW Group member (pictured).

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@CANopen #Automotive #Communications #Standards

Waterproof CANbus keypads are programmable.

Enabling vehicle manufacturers to provide premium and robust visibility and control.

The PKD, PKI, and PKR series of advanced CANbus keypads, with many user interface options and a compact form factor designed to resist the elements have been announced by APEM. This product family provides a myriad of options for vehicle OEMs to add exceptional and beautiful visualization and control features, enhancing their equipment using standardized components, while avoiding the complexity and expense of fully custom devices.

Modern vehicles incorporate many on-board digital and automation systems, which are typically interconnected using standard communication protocols such as CANOpen and J1939. While touchscreen displays can be developed to access these capabilities, there are many cases where one or more durable keypads provide a superior user interface.

APEM now offers the PKx series of keypad interfaces, which join a well-established line of industrial-grade switches and indicators. Depending on the model, a variety of capabilities are possible:

• Configurable multicolor LED backlight
• High intensity RGB LED status indicators
• Standard or modular pushbuttons and knobs
• A 3-in-1 knob combining a pushbutton, rotary encoder, and joystick
• Laser etched icons, or stock icon inserts
• IP67/69K ingress protection, and 400-hour UVB protection

• Flexible mounting

These keypads feature a silicone rubber front face, a plastic backshell, and connectorized CANbus wires for easy installation where space is at a premium, when functionality cannot be compromised, and/or in adverse conditions. Designers can select from three major product families, each with various standard and optional features, as follows:

• PKD: This series integrates an innovative 3-in-1 pushbutton/knob/joystick with 4 or 6 keypad buttons, each with two LED indicators. The PKD provides precise and diverse input options in one compact design.

• PKI: This series is available in configurations of 1 to 15 key positions, arranged in 1 to 3 rows with 1 to 6 columns. Each position can be provisioned with a keypad button (using a replaceable icon insert), and a 15 key version can incorporate up to two 16-detent rotary knobs. The PKI is available with thousands of stock icon inserts, making it suitable for almost any conceivable application.

• PKR: This series is available in four sizes offering a total of 6 to 14 key positions. Each position includes a keypad button with 0 to 3 LED indicators. The PKR is extremely compact, delivering a high button density, while preserving excellent usability.

All PKx keypads are designed with a wide operating temperature range, thermal/mechanical shock and vibration resistance, and the ability to withstand UV, salt spray, and chemical exposure. Every indicator and keypad button is easily configured to interface with host systems over open CANOpen and J1939 protocols.

With the introduction of the APEM PKD, PKI, and PKR series of keypads, OEM and industrial designers now have access to a premium and highly adaptable user interface to help them differentiate their products, without requiring cost-prohibitive custom and esoteric design work. The PKx series is a first-rate solution for off-road, defense, specialty vehicle, automotive, agricultural, industrial, and nautical markets.

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@APEM_HMI #controlspr #Automotive #CANbus

Secure and harmonised firmware updates with the CANopen bootloader.

By Maryam Khagani (CAN in Automation)

Firmware updates are an essential part of maintaining embedded systems, especially in environments where devices are expected to run continuously and securely over long periods. Ensuring secure firmware updates in CAN-based systems requires a harmonised approach, particularly when devices from multiple application domains are involved. The draft specification proposal (DSP) CiA 710, developed by CAN in Automation (CiA), introduces a harmonised approach for implementing a generic CANopen bootloader, applicable to both CANopen CC (classic) and CANopen FD devices. Its primary objective is to ensure reliable and secure firmware updates, regardless of device manufacturer or application domain.

Maryam Khaghani, the author of this article, earned her Bachelor's degree in Electronic Engineering in Iran in the year 2014. Later that year, she began her professional career in the R&D department of an Iranian company specialised in the production of elevator control panels and related equipment. After eight-years experience in research, development, and technical troubleshooting, she joined CAN in Automation (CiA) in 2023 as a Technical Manager. In her current role, she actively contributes to the development of CAN technology by participating in technical working groups, presenting CAN-based webinars, and supporting the creation and improvement of technical specifications related to CAN-based systems.

In a CANopen device, a bootloader is a minimal program, responsible for initialising the hardware and managing firmware updates over the CAN network. If an update condition is triggered (e.g., by a reset, specific state, or command), the bootloader enters update mode and awaits further instructions via the CAN network. CANopen bootloaders ensure that devices can receive new firmware versions via CAN. Their presence provides system maintainers with greater flexibility to apply updates in the field. A new version of device firmware may remove identified security weaknesses or may add new application-related functions. Thus, the bootloader extends the longevity of devices.

Bootloaders are critical for supporting field updates without requiring physical access to the device. In lab environments, they allow rapid firmware iteration and debugging. During end-of-line production, they enable final firmware to be flashed onto hardware just before shipment. In deployed systems, over-the-air updates (e.g. through a gateway) or remote maintenance become feasible through the CAN network, eliminating the need for disassembly or direct reprogramming. This flexibility is especially important in distributed control systems, industrial automation, and remote or safety-critical environments.

CiA 710 aims to harmonise this functionality, ensuring consistent bootloader behavior across devices and allowing tools to manage updates using a predictable and well-defined interface.

Key features of the CANopen bootloader
To harmonise firmware updates over the CAN network, CiA 710 introduces a finite state automation (FSA) model for embedded devices (see Figure 1). This model ensures predictable device behavior across different operational states, allowing configuration tools and host controllers to manage devices consistently. The FSA defines two main modes, bootloader mode (BM) and application mode (AM). When a CANopen device is powered on, it first enters the bootloader initialising state. It then checks for a valid application using data object 1F59h. If no valid application is found or intended, the device defaults to bootloader mode. In this mode, it performs setup operations such as CAN controller initialisation and bit rate configuration, according to CiA 1301. In BM, the device requires user authentication. Authorised tools or host controllers can identify themselves, which allows the device to proceed to the “BM allow application download” state. Here, it waits for a new application. Before downloading firmware, tools can read attributes like flash status and operation times, helping them adjust internal timeouts and behavior accordingly.

Once the application is successfully transferred, the device is instructed to exit BM and usually starts the new program, entering application mode (AM). If a return to BM is needed—for reconfiguration or complete application replacement—the tool must re-authenticate, and the system must verify that the current application allows safe switching back to BM. To avoid device loss during faulty firmware transfers, CiA 710 includes a rollback function. If an error occurs, the device will reboot with a default pre-configured application.

Overall, CiA 710 enables tools and CANopen host controllers to orchestrate the operating states of the device, to ensure secure firmware updates, and to maintain the integrity and reliability of the system operation.

CANopen bootloader and application FSA (Source: CAN in Automation) Bootloader operation from the client perspective
Click to expand

From the client’s perspective, using a CANopen bootloader involves a few structured steps to update an outdated application on a device. The update begins with a security handshake. Since firmware-related operations are protected to prevent unauthorised access, the client must first request a security challenge from the device. The device responds with a random value, and the client returns a computed key based on that value. If the response is correct, the device grants the client permission. Once access is granted, the client switches the device from application mode (AM) to bootloader mode (BM) by writing specific values and triggering a timeout. In BM, after the client sends a request to erase the current application program, it monitors the flash status until the confirmation of erase operation is completed. Afterward, the client begins downloading the new application program in segments, verifying each part is correctly written by checking flash status and timeouts.

Once the full application is downloaded, the client switches the device back to AM by sending a control command to start the program. Finally, the client verifies that the new application allows returning to BM, ensuring future updates remain possible. During transitions between AM and BM, device identification parameters may change accordingly.

Summary and conclusion
A bootloader is a fundamental function in modern embedded control systems, offering a flexible method to react on modified system/device requirements, by means of a device’s firmware update over CAN. The CiA 710 specification represents a significant step forward in this field, providing a harmonised, secure, and device-independent framework for managing firmware updates in CANopen systems. By defining a clear finite state automation (FSA) and incorporating authentication mechanisms, timeout management, and rollback capabilities, it ensures that firmware updates can be performed reliably. From the perspective of both the device and the client tool, the update process becomes predictable, structured, and resistant to error or unauthorised access. For integrators and device manufacturers, adopting CiA 710 provides a clear path to improving maintainability, security, and long-term lifecycle support of CAN- connected embedded devices.

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@CANopen #PAuto #Communcations

CAN/FD repeater.

HMS Networks has introduced the new CAN/FD Repeater Standard under its product brand Ixxat. As a crucial component for network infrastructures, the device solves several complex market challenges such as topology optimization, signal quality improvement, seamless integration in existing CAN networks, equipment protection by galvanic isolation and many more. The Ixxat CAN/FD Repeater Standard delivers an all-in-one solution for industrial communication. Easy to access, easy to understand and easy to use.

Their CAN/FD Repeater is tailored to meet the needs of system integrators and plant engineers around the world, offering unmatched performance, ease of use and sustainability in one compact product. It is designed to address diverse use cases with cost-efficiency. Unmatched handling and integration advantages.

Key Technical Features

• Two CAN/CAN FD interfaces supporting arbitration rates up to 1 Mbit/s and data rates up to 8 Mbit/s

• CAN/FD Transceiver TCAN1044

• CAN connection: Removable Push-In Connectors

• Externally Switchable CAN bus termination resistors

• Galvanic Isolation up to 5 kV

• Operating Temp. -25 °C to +70 °C

• Protection Class IP20

• Dimensions 108 x 149 x 27 mm

• Power-efficient design operating at less than 100 mA at 24 V DC

• Compliance with CE and FCC certifications

The termination resistors are easily adjustable from the outside via piano switches. This means that users don’t have to open the housing for adjustment and the current switching status can easily be seen from outside. This feature simplifies installation and maintenance, saving valuable time.

The repeater additionally features push-in connectors for CAN/FD connections, drastically reducing maintenance efforts. This innovation enables a secure, tool-free connection for a seamless setup and operation. With it, connecting the device to the CAN lines can be done within seconds. Another feature is the built-in cable tie hole, that offers a practical solution for tidy installations, further simplifying cabinet organization. “The CAN/FD Repeater Standard provides many useful integration and handling features, that are scarcely available on the market combined in one product”, explains Frank Iwanitz, Product Manager at HMS Networks. “With two CAN/FD channels it fulfills the most commonly needed CAN functionalities and on top unites several useability benefits at a competitive pricing.”

The CAN/FD Repeater Standard comes with a slim and compact housing, optimized for DIN-rail mounting, fits perfectly into control cabinets with limited space. Clear labeling and intuitive LED indicators make operation straightforward, even for first-time users.

EMI protection and easy termination.
The new Repeater provides a 5 kV galvanic isolation between CAN channels and the power supply, ensuring robust protection and system reliability, even in challenging industrial environments. “By using repeaters in CAN networks, connected equipment can be protected very easily”, says Product Manager Iwanitz. “It’s not only about the optimization of your network topology or optimizing your signal quality but about increasing and protecting the health of your whole CAN network. That’s a huge advantage users benefit from!”

Aligned with HMS Networks' commitment to sustainability, the Ixxat CAN/FD Repeater Standard comes in eco-friendly packaging and does away with printed manuals, offering digital resources instead. It also debuts HMS Networks' new modern design, marking a fresh era for Ixxat products. “With our new cardboard packaging, we’re heavily reducing packaging costs”, says Iwanitz. “Additionally omitting the printed manuals is not only a consequence of the market feedback we received, but also a logical consequence of the HMS sustainability policy.”

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@hmsnetworks @HMSAnybus @mepaxIntPR #Pauto #Communications

Bus organisation directors.

The CAN in Automation (CiA) nonprofit association has re-elected its board of directors. 

Christian Schlegel (CHS Consulting), CiA Business Director, chairs the CiA Business Committee (BC), comprising five elected CiA members (Bosch, Emsa, ESD, Microcontrol, and Vector) and representatives of established CiA Marketing Groups. The BC proposes the annual budget and manages worldwide the CiA marketing activities.

Magnus-Maria Hell (Infineon), CiA Technical Director, leads the CiA Technical Committee (TC). Participants of the TC are five elected CiA members (Bosch, Emsa, ESD, Microcontrol, and Vector) and representatives of established CiA Interest Groups (IGs). This committee coordinates the development of CiA technical documents (specifications, guidelines, etc.).

Holger Zeltwanger is the re-elected CiA Managing Director, organizing the daily business of the nonprofit association promoting the internationally standardized CAN (Controller Area Network) serial communication system. This includes also CAN-based higher-layer protocols (HLP) such as CANopen, J1939, etc.

Magnus Hell, Christian Schlegel, Holger Zeltwanger

The CiA organisation comprises currently more than 700 members. The TC has established seven IGs: CANopen, CANopen FD, Profiles, Lower layers, J1939, Safety + security, and High availability. The IG “Ethernet on CAN” is in foundation. It is intended to specify the mapping of Ethernet frames to CAN frames. In the first step, a mapping to CAN FD frames is planned.

Additionally, CiA is establishing the Special Interest Group (SIG) “radar sensors”. It is planned to specify an application layer independent profile and the mapping to CANopen and J1939. Main use cases of these radar sensors are commercial road vehicles and off-highway as well as off-road vehicles. Automated-guided vehicles (AGV) und autonomous mobile robots (AMR) are other application options.

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@CANopen #PAuto #Communcations

Board re-elected.

The members of the nonprofit CiA (CAN in Automation) international users’ and manufacturers’ association have re-elected the Board of Directors: 

 

• Magnus Hell from Infineon as Technical Director (left),
• Christian Schlegel from CHS Consulting as Business Director (center), and
• Holger Zeltwanger as Managing Director (right).

In addition the regular CiA General Assembly appointed Bosch, Emotas, ESD, Kvaser, Microcontrol, and Murata as Technical Committee members. The elected Business Committee members are Emotas, ESD, Microcontol, Murata, and Vector.

CiA, established in 1992, has 755 members worldwide. The nonprofit association develops the CAN (Controller Area Network) ecosystem originally intended as in-vehicle network (IVN). Nowadays, the serial network is applied in different industry domains.

There are three data link layer versions internationally standardized: CAN CC (classic), CAN FD (flexible data-rate), and CAN XL (extended data-field length).

Recently, the ISO 11898-2 standard (CAN physical media attachment) has been released. It specifies all CAN transceivers: CAN HS (high speed), CAN FD, CAN SIC (signal improvement capability), and CAN SIC XL optionally with low-power mode and selective wake-up capability. The ISO 11898-1 standard (data link layer and physical coding sublayer) has passed successfully the final ballot and will be released, soon.

“With a data field of 1 byte to 2048 byte and a bit rate of up to 20 Mbit/s, CAN XL addresses new applications as IVN in road vehicles and as embedded (backbone) network in other industry domains,” explained Holger Zeltwanger. “CiA members develop the CAN XL ecosystem, which includes CANsec, a cybersecurity solution implementable in hardware.”

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• See also "Bus technical manager" (11/3/2024)

@CANopen #PAuto #Communcations

I/O specifications issued.

The CAN in Automation association (CiA) has released new versions of the profile series for modular I/O devices (CiA 401), inclinometers (CiA 410), electrical drives (CiA 402), and photovoltaic systems (CiA 437). CiA profiles specify parameters for devices with CAN interfaces. Additionally, the specifications provide mappings to CANopen CC (classic) and optional to CANopen FD (for I/O devices and inclinometers) or to J1939 (only for inclinometers).

CiA has developed more than one 100 profile specifications. They feature off-the-shelf plug-and-play capability, which simplifies system integration. By means of configuration, the user can enable optional functionality. The CiA 401 specification series is one of the most implemented CiA profiles. It covers modular I/O devices as well as dedicated I/O interfaces such as for joysticks. The CiA 402 profile is specified in IEC the 61800-7-201/301 standard series. It covers frequency inverters, servo controllers, and stepper motors. The new CiA 402 version supports 64-bit parameters and some additional homing modes.

The CiA 401 and the CiA 410 series have been restructured. The Part B specifies the process parameters and the associated configuration parameters. Part C describes the mapping to CANopen CC application layer (CiA 301), and Part F provides the mapping to CANopen FD application layer (CiA 1301). The CiA 410-J specification contains the mapping to the J1939 application layer, often used in commercial vehicles. CiA plans to develop the CiA 401-J document specifying a joystick parameter mapping to J1939. The CiA 437 application profile covers all interfaces for CANopen CC devices used in photovoltaic systems. This document series has been improved only editorially.

CiA members can download all CiA documents. Non-members can subscribe to download certain CiA specifications. Some CiA documents are available free of charge. CANopen CC is one of the most implemented communication technologies in embedded control applications. The CiA 402 specification series is the market-leading profile for drives and motion controllers. It has been also adapted by several non-CAN communication systems.

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@CANopen #PAuto #Communcations

Strain Gauge Modules and J1939 and CAN Protocol Sleds.

New strain gauge modules and J1939 and CAN protocol sleds designed to enhance and scale its FlexEdge® Intelligent Edge Automation Platform have been announced by Red Lion®.

The new strain gauge modules are easily installable and configurable and come in both SSR output and relay output options. Both offer single loop PID capabilities to monitor, measure, and control equipment. Designed to thrive in harsh environments, the modules accept signals from load cell, pressure, and torque bridge transducers. With a software-selectable 5 VDC or 10 VDC stable bridge excitation voltage, each strain gauge module can drive up to four 350W bridges. The inputs are also software selectable for low level inputs at ±20 mV, ±33 mV, and ±200 mV full scale.

Alongside the new strain gauge capabilities, Red Lion launched two field-installable sleds, serving either the J1939 or CAN protocol. Providing a seamless interface between industrial equipment and the controller environment, the protocol sleds can be powered and configured directly from the FlexEdge® DA50 or DA70 controller using Red Lion’s Crimson software.

The new modules make critical performance data easier to gather, more accurate, and actionable in real time. This lets equipment operators and business leaders drive more value out of industrial data. Easy-to-use installation and configuration save time, boost operational performance, improve plant efficiency, and minimize downtime.

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Red Lion products are marketed in Ireland through Instrument Technology Ltd.

 

@redlioncontrols @mepaxIntPR #PAuto #Communcations

Gateways enable digital transformation of smart grids.

Digital transformation is converting outdated utility infrastructure into smart grids as the race to achieve net zero carbon emissions picks up speed says Kuru Kuruvilla, Industry Marketing Manager, Moxa . This model aims to improve energy management by collecting and analyzing data in real-time. However, maintaining a smart grid's smooth operation is no easy feat, which has engineers scrambling for ways to enable timely notifications, data analysis, and acquisition among complex subsystems*.

Smart grids are highly complex systems made up of multiple subsystems with unique requirements

Challenges and Solutions.
A smart grid is a vast system comprising multiple subsystems, ranging from traditional power generation, renewable energy sources, and transmission and distribution networks to digital substations, microgrids, and energy storage systems. Each subsystem has its own characteristics and requirements, including power distribution control, power monitoring, energy storage management, and more.

The challenge arises from the diverse communication protocols used among these subsystems. For instance, feeder lines commonly use IEC 61850, DNP3, or IEC 101/104, while meters rely on Modbus, renewable energy systems utilize CANbus, and backup power employs J1939. Unifying all this data poses a complex problem.

In this scenario, effective protocol conversion and data integration become crucial. This is typically done with programmable logic controllers (PLCs), but it is more costly and complex because PLCs require extensive programming. Industrial computers are another option, but such a solution demands expertise in numerous communication protocols. Even after the system has been operating for a while, potential problems can still occur, so installing diagnostics and troubleshooting tools on location is required. Furthermore, the solution must comply with cybersecurity requirements and the hardware robust enough across various environmental conditions.

Protocol gateways have proven to be an effective solution. They facilitate protocol conversion through simple configuration, eliminating the need for complex programming. Therefore, it is possible to accomplish data integration and system communication even without extensive programming knowledge. Here are a few features to look for:

Remote troubleshooting.
In a smart grid, many devices are in remote locations. Remote access and troubleshooting are crucial to minimize the time spent sending out staff to resolve issues on-site. Protocol gateways provide built-in tools for troubleshooting, significantly reducing the time needed for fault diagnosis while also cutting the cost of external debugging tools.

The importance of security.
Because remote connections to protocol gateways are possible, security becomes paramount. Protocol gateways need to provide secure connection features, including HTTPS and SSH connections, strict account and password management, and event log recordings. These features can mitigate potential risks of hacker attacks and ensure system security.

Reliability in harsh environments.
Equipment in smart grids typically operates in harsh environments. Therefore, protocol gateways need to be designed for ruggedness. This includes resistance to wide temperature ranges and electromagnetic interference to ensure the overall reliability of the system. You can consider adding something about fiber options as well as dual redundant power inputs and relay outputs provide added flexibility in challenging applications.

Easy configuration via web console.

Moxa MGate 5119 industrial Ethernet gateway.

Quick setup guides make configuration faster and more cost efficient. With Quick Setup, like that featured on the Moxa MGate Series of Ethernet Gateways, you can easily access protocol conversion modes and finish the configuration in a few steps. These gateways also support Auto Detection for DNP3 serial outstations, allowing the protocol gateway to automatically acquire all outstation objects when configured as a DNP3 master.

Modbus and DNP3 Protocol Traffic Monitor.
Troubleshooting, especially during the installation stage, is crucial to minimizing downtime. Communication issues are frequently caused by incorrect software parameters such as slave ID and register address or incorrect command configuration. If your gateway supports Modbus/DNP3 Protocol Traffic Monitor, you can check the captured data and easily identify the root cause.

Remote maintenance functions.
Protocol gateways should provide a web and Telnet console for remote maintenance. Support for encryption communication functions, including HTTPS and SSH, ensure better network security. In addition, look for gateways with firmware log functions that can record connection events and Modbus maintenance events.

Conclusion.
In the era of smart grids, protocol gateways play a pivotal role in facilitating smooth data flow between different systems. Because of the various communication protocols used among the different subsystems that make up the electrical grid, effective protocol conversion and seamless data communication are essential to fully realizing smart grid potential.

Protocol gateways allow for easy protocol conversion through simple configuration, remote troubleshooting, and system security. The application of this technology will contribute to achieving smarter, more efficient energy management, transforming the way electricity is delivered around the world

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* Streamline Protocol Communications in Your Substation Automation Systems.

@Moxa_Europe @OConnellPR #Environment #PAuto #Energy

3.3v special interest group established.

The CiA (CAN in Automation) association has established the Special Interest Group (SIG) 3,3-V transceivers.

Vikas Thawani (Texas Instruments) chairs this SIG. ECU (electronic control unit) manufacturers are selecting increasingly 3,3-V CAN micro-controllers. In order to avoid two supply voltages, they like to use 3,3-V CAN transceivers instead of the currently dominating 5-V transceivers. Therefore, CiA has established a SIG specifying CAN transceivers powered by a 3,3-V supply.

The scope of the SIG covers the following kinds of CAN transceivers compliant with ISO 11898-2:2024: CAN HS (high speed), CAN FD (flexible data rate), CAN SIC (signal improvement capability), and CAN SIC XL (extended data field length). This includes also transceivers with low-power and selective wake-up capabilities.

A related conformance test plan, an interoperability test plan and an EMC specification are also in the SIG’s scope.

The first specification is covering PMA (physical medium attachment) sub-layer implementations according to the parameter set A and B as given in ISO/FDIS 11898-2:2023. It is intended to release a CiA draft specification proposal (DSP) for 3,3-V CAN transceivers by end of 2024.

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@CANopen #PAuto #Communications

Display on the skids!

Danfoss Power Solutions is supplying its DM700 display for use on the third-generation Elise 900 skid steer loader manufactured by FIRSTGREEN Industries (previously known as Kovaco Electric). The all-electric machine takes advantage of the display’s 7-inch screen, excellent sunlight viewability, and rugged IP66/IP67 ingress protection ratings, providing the ideal combination of features for this demanding application.

Lukáš Rameš, chief operating officer, FIRSTGREEN Industries, said: “When we introduced the display, every customer was happy with it. Now we are working on retrofitting older machines so they can use the display. We already have some orders for the retrofit kits, which can rebuild generation 2 machines into gen 3.”

During the design phase of the third-generation Elise 900, FIRSTGREEN Industries customers requested a hard-mounted display instead of the previous control by mobile phone. Mobile phones are not particularly robust, and their small screens and poor readability in direct sunlight make operator ease of use a challenge. In contrast, a robust embedded display can help improve productivity and support better operator safety.

With support from Technotrade, FIRSTGREEN Industries’ trusted technology advisor and a Danfoss Power Solutions Premier Partner, the DM700 emerged as the display of choice.

Situated in the top right corner of the Elise 900 cab, the Danfoss DM700 display is connected to the skid steer’s CAN bus system, providing reliable, rapid communication and higher data throughput – a considerable advance in comparison with the phone’s Bluetooth connection. Furthermore, the display overcomes the distractions of using a personal device for machine operation, along with problems that emerge if the phone is misplaced or not charged. The large screen area of the DM700 also provides better visibility of important machine information for the operator.

Using the display, users can set three profiles customized to the needs of various operators or working conditions, including travel speeds and hydraulic settings. Productivity is further enhanced through the DM700’s ability to display error messages and diagnostics, minimizing machine downtime.

The control joysticks can also be customized. In comparison with the analog joysticks of previous generation Elise 900 models, Danfoss JS1-H CAN joysticks offer greater accuracy and enable the adjustment of parameters. The result is a more intuitive control system customized to operator preferences. Moreover, the joysticks are more reliable and simpler to install, service, and replace as there are only four wires instead of the 25 required with the previous analog devices.

Safer operation is a further benefit of the display. In addition to prompting the operator to shut the door and fasten the seat belt to start the machine, the DM700 can help avoid rollovers by showing a real-time overview of the skid steer’s roll and pitch angles.

Although the DM700 display is an option on the third-generation Elise 900, FIRSTGREEN Industries reports that all purchasers to date have selected the hard-mounted display and anticipates that 95% of long-term sales will include it.

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@DanfossPower @Danfoss @NapierPR #Automation #PAuto

Papers on CAN sought!

The program committee of the 18th international CAN Conference (iCC) chaired by Holger Zeltwanger, CiA Managing Director, is now seeking papers. The conference organized by the nonprofit CAN in Automation (CiA) association will take place in Baden-Baden, (D May 14 and 15, 2024).

The two-days event covers all three CAN protocol generations: Classical CAN, CAN FD, and CAN XL. Conference topics include device and network design aspects as well as research results and application experiences. This unique conference is the place to exchange in-depth knowledge about CAN-related solutions in automotive and non-automotive applications.

“We expect, in particular, papers about CAN FD experiences and new developments regarding the CAN XL ecosystem,” said Zeltwanger. “Of course, this includes also higher-layer protocols and add-on functions, especially cybersecurity.”

@CANopen #PAuto #Communications.

Board of directors elected.

CAN in Automation (CiA), the CAN users’ and manufacturers’ association, has elected the CiA board of directors as well as the members of the CiA Business Committee and the CiA Technical Committee.

Magnus Hell

Magnus Hell (Infineon) was elected as CiA Technical Director. Christian Schlegel (CHS Consulting) was re-elected as CiA Business Director and Holger Zeltwanger continues as the CiA Managing Director. <p>

The nonprofit organisation with about 750 members develops CAN-related specifications. This includes the CAN XL ecosystem with protocol specifications, implementation guidelines, and network design recommendations. In the last year, more than two billion CAN nodes have been installed.

The elected members of the CiA Business Committee are Emotas, ESD, HMS, Microcontrol, and Vector. The CiA Technical Committee comprises the following elected members: Bosch, Emotas, ESD, Microcontrol, and Vector.

@CANopen #PAuto #Fieldbus

Efficient container loading.

Combilift in Monaghan (IRL), is the largest global manufacturer of multi-directional forklifts and an innovator and leader in long-load handling solutions. Its recently launched Combi-CSS (Container Slip-Sheet) enables fast and efficient freight container loading for the transportation of timber, flat-packed furniture, panel products and similar goods. 

This innovative system features a large platform where goods are pre-loaded on a powered steel slip-sheet, and with integral laser-assisted container alignment and hydraulic levelling the slip sheet and its payload are driven directly into the container hold using Combilift’s patented push-pull mechanism. Significantly reducing the full load loading time to as little as 6 minutes and ensuring safety and simplifying the loading process, the Combi-CSS control system relies on SGJ series cable extension transducers (CETs) from Variohm EuroSensor to monitor the slip-sheet’s position over CAN SAE 1939 for the loading and retracting procedure.

The 16-metre-long Combi-CSS is capable of loading up to 30,000kg in 20- to 40-foot containers with the alignment and load transfer process managed by a single operator. The slip-sheet material, Hardox 500, is an extremely hard grade of steel commonly used for large structural wear plate components in construction and mining equipment. With excellent resistance to scratching and surface scraping, these properties help maintain a low sliding friction for the loading and sheet retraction process. The slip-sheet has several pairs of holes at equal intervals along its length and the push pull mechanism, which sits underneath, utilises powerful hydraulically driven linear actuators that engage with these holes in an alternating pattern to drive the sheet forwards for loading or backwards to retrieve the sheet. The distance travelled by the actuators for each push or pull cycle determines how far the slip sheet travels – with position controlled using displacement feedback from the SGJ series cable extension transducer.

SGJ series cable extension transducers (CETs)

The SGJ series CET from Variohm’s distribution partner TE Connectivity was chosen for its industrial grade quality and IP67 environmental protection rating. Its rugged glass-filled polycarbonate housing protects a precision high-cycle plastic hybrid rotary potentiometer in a spring-loaded cable and winding drum arrangement. The durable stainless-steel measuring cable is simply attached to the moving element in a "free-release" tolerant design that safeguards against damage if the cable is accidentally released. A stainless-steel mounting bracket and industry standard M12 connector makes installation straightforward in any orientation.

With several output options available in the SG series, including voltage and current as well as CANopen versions, Combilift chose the SGJ model with an integrated CAN SAE J1939 output communication profile – which is widely used on mobile equipment and factory automation applications and interfaced seamlessly with the CSS’s control system. The zero to 80-inch measurement version (2032 mm) provides an accuracy of 0.5% and a full-scale repeatability to 0.02%. The position data, in 12-bit resolution, and device status information is transmitted as ‘Proprietary B’ messages over the J1939 network. The Node ID, baud rate and date rate options are easily set using dip-switches and versions are available with or without terminal resistors. The 80-inch travel version can be mounted in a volume of less than 100 x 67 x 127 mm; a larger 120-inch travel version is also available.

CETs, sometimes referred to as ‘String pot sensors’ provide a cost-effective technology for long travel linear displacement measurement and find use across industrial applications such as mobile construction and forklift vehicle safety monitoring, winch and crane position feedback, large agricultural machines, flood management systems etc. Variohm supplies CETs in miniature designs with position measurement as small as 40 mm through to long travel models with over 40 metres linear measurement capability. The sensors used in CETs include rotary potentiometers, incremental encoders and multi-turn absolute encoders. Output options cover all industry standard voltage and current output levels as well as digital pulse and bus communication protocols. Cable actuated technology requires no critical alignment and suits applications where space is limited or where moving components may be submerged, deep underground or partially obscured by other equipment. Variohm’s comprehensive range of CETs are easily adapted for use in harsh environmental conditions with IP68 protection ratings and application matched versions supplied with hazardous area certification.

@Variohm @Combilift @TEConnectivity @mepaxIntPR #Pauto #Transport

Videos of conference available.

The CAN in Automation (CiA) association has announced access to the video-recorded presentations of the 17th iCC. This way, anyone who missed the conference is still able to experience it. Get the link to all iCC videos, including the CiA webinars, presentation slides, and iCC proceedings.

In June 2021, the first digital international CAN Conference (iCC) closed its “windows”. It was the first time that CiA had organised an online conference. On the four-day 17th iCC, CAN experts talked about history, presence, and future of CAN. The theme was “From Classical CAN via CAN FD to CAN XL”. About 100 engineers from 35 companies attended this event.

For those, who missed the conference, the opportunity to watch the video-recorded presentations is available. CiA offers for a fee of €200 euro for non-members and €150 for members access to the needed links for all iCC videos including the iCC accompanying webinars plus presentation slides. The iCC proceedings (€96 euro) are available for those, who just want to read the information provided on the conference.

Applications my be made by email here. 

Those who first want to get an impression of the iCC, CiA also provides preview videos of all iCC papers and webinars free of charge on its Youtube channel: 

• 17th international CAN Conference: Preview of papers
• 17th international CAN Conference: Preview of webinars

@CANopen  #PAuto #Communications

CAN communication via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth.

Since its launch five years ago, the Anybus® Wireless Bolt™ has provided thousands of industrial applications with wireless Ethernet access. With a rugged and unique form factor for bolt-on-machine mounting, it is today proven and trusted in the most demanding industrial applications. Use cases vary from warehouse installations and AGVs to manufacturing of food, underground mining or rough outdoor applications. Building on the success, HMS now launches the Anybus Wireless Bolt CAN, featuring CAN-based communication to the host equipment.

The new Anybus Wireless Bolt for CAN enables CAN-based, heavy-duty machinery and applications to transfer CAN data over a robust wireless link. Wireless communication is established either over a fast Wi-Fi connection or a reliable Bluetooth link. The CAN data is transported over a TCP/IP link which enables other standard Wi-Fi infrastructure to also connect to the wireless link if desired.

A typical use case is wireless access to CAN data from an industrial vehicle, such as a bulk material transport truck. For example, with the Anybus Wireless Bolt CAN, J1939 CAN data is easily communicated to a handheld tablet which gives the operator full control and visibility of the ongoing bulk material filling process.

Anybus Wireless Bolt CAN is fully transparent when it comes to transporting CAN data, meaning that it works with any CAN-based protocol, including CANopen. This opens the possibility to create mobile automation islands in any manufacturing process – the Anybus Wireless Bolt CAN will bridge the CANopen line wirelessly.

A wide range of wireless connectivity options for industrial networks and IoT applications In addition to the new Anybus Wireless Bolt CAN, the Wireless Bolt product family includes other versions which can connect to the host equipment using serial and industrial Ethernet connectivity. On the wireless side of the Wireless Bolt, the Wi-Fi and Bluetooth options were recently complemented with a version that supports the new LTE standards NB-IoT and CAT-M1, targeting IoT applications.

@hmsnetworks @CANopen @mepaxIntPR  #PAuto #Communication

Bus letter!

The June issue 2021 of the CAN Newsletter magazine is published and available for downloading now. 

Besides a range of other topics, it contains for example articles about CANopen FD (e.g. use cases and why to choose CANopen FD, devices identification with LSS), a company portrait about Bürkert and CANopen, CANopen application reports, an interview with Iveco, an article about the open-source Sigrok project written by Ken Tindell as well as part 1 of a comparative analysis of Classical CAN, CAN FD, and Ethernet for networked control systems.

@CANopen #PAuto